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Disparities in immigration enforcement and deportation across communities have been evident—marked by geographic concentration, racial profiling, and gendered outcomes. Despite recognizing immigration raids as one of the most aggressive tactics within US immigration policy, their nature largely remains a black box. Not only is comprehensive data lacking regarding their scale and geographic extent, but there is also a dearth of information about the profiles of heavily impacted areas. As a result, the impacts and consequences of immigration raids remain inadequately documented.
This research project aims to achieve two primary objectives:
By delineating these objectives, the study intends to shed light on the complex landscape of immigration raids, offering a thorough depiction of their prevalence, patterns, and the diverse impacts on communities, ultimately contributing to a more nuanced comprehension of immigration enforcement experiences in the United States.
This project has been generously supported by the Population Center at Cornell University and the
Center for Innovation in Social Science at Boston University.
With the proliferation of immigration raids carried out by the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), many immigrant students have experienced disruptions in their education.This research explores the intersection of immigration enforcement and educational equity by examining the impact of immigration raids on high school students' transitions to higher education in California. Utilizing data from the California Department of Education—the College-Going Rate (CGR) —the study assesses how immigration raids impact educational trajectories, particularly for marginalized communities. The findings aim to inform policy interventions that address systemic barriers to education and advocate the need for equitable access and opportunity in the face of increasing immigration enforcement.
Co-authors: Xinyao Guan
Accepted for oral presentation at PAA 2025
Immigration enforcement has profound and lasting effects on children, yet the impact on those separated from their families remains critically understudied.This research addresses two critical questions: first, whether immigration raids increase the number of children entering the foster care system in the United States; and second, what the emotional outcomes are for these children, specifically measured by the prevalence of emotional disturbance. This study utilizes the National Data Archive on Child Abuse and Neglect (NDACAN) 2014-2018, comprehensive-detailed data on child welfare cases across the United States. We employ a quasi-experimental approach that leverages variation in emotional disturbance among foster care admitted youth with data on Immigration and Customs Enforcement fugitive operations 2014–2018.
Co-authors: Sadiya Buccino
Accepted for oral presentation at PAA 2025
This study examines the impact of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) raids on healthcare access among pediatric clients from 2014 to 2018. While much of the literature on immigrant health inequities focuses on infancy and adulthood, research specific to pediatric populations, particularly in the context of immigration enforcement, remains scarce. Existing studies typically assess the effects of broader structural factors and state policy contexts, such as immigrant-friendliness, on pediatric health outcomes. However, ICE raids represent a distinct, active intervention in immigrant communities, characterized by interrogations, surveillance, and arrests, which may contribute to heightened fear and stress among affected populations. This paper adopts a novel approach by quantifying the impact of these raids on pediatric healthcare use, moving beyond state-level policy assessments to consider the direct consequences of enforcement actions. Using data on ICE raids across the U.S., we explore whether and to what extent these enforcement activities disrupt access to pediatric healthcare services in nearby communities. By addressing this gap in the literature, the study provides critical insights into the broader health implications of immigration enforcement on vulnerable child populations and informs future policy discussions on mitigating the adverse effects of such enforcement activities on public health.
Co-authors: Stanley Huang
Jessica is a passionate advocate of international human rights, youth development and access to education. Hailing from Shanghai, she is a first-generation student double majoring in Political Science and Education at Boston University.
Jessica is committed to addressing global population challenges by conducting research at the intersect
Jessica is a passionate advocate of international human rights, youth development and access to education. Hailing from Shanghai, she is a first-generation student double majoring in Political Science and Education at Boston University.
Jessica is committed to addressing global population challenges by conducting research at the intersection of human rights, international law, and immigration law. She aspires to utilize research focused on community needs to elevate political consciousness and improve children and families wellbeing.
In the community, Jessica is committed to fostering engagement and education access. Jessica serves as a Mentor engaging first-year students transitioning to higher education, educates adolescents on positive approaches to navigating puberty, and improves access to early childhood education among families in precarious living situations.
Stanley is interested in how policies and social identities affect public health outcomes. He is a sophomore at Boston University, double majoring in Philosophy & Economics. He plans to study both social epidemiology and law after his undergraduate experience.
Stanley works at the Strategic Training Initiative for the Prevention of Eating
Stanley is interested in how policies and social identities affect public health outcomes. He is a sophomore at Boston University, double majoring in Philosophy & Economics. He plans to study both social epidemiology and law after his undergraduate experience.
Stanley works at the Strategic Training Initiative for the Prevention of Eating Disorder (STRIPED) at Harvard Chan School of Public Health. His 3-year advocacy work with his fellow members at STRIPED led to the passage of the bill to ban the sale of select muscle building and dietary supplement to minor into law. Because of this work, he has been interested in the juncture between theory and practice and the impact of translational research.
Stanley is Secretary of BU’s Pre-Law Society, facilitating exploratory events for 100 students. He is also Operations Lead at Chen Law Journal, leading the inter-collegiate publishing initiative to bring many post-secondary institutions together.
Growing up internationally, studying abroad in Bangkok, Singapore, and her home state of New Jersey, Tanvi has gained a diverse range of experiences and cultures, leading to her passion of helping improve social justice conditions.
A freshman at Boston University, she is double majoring in Neuroscience and Political Science in hopes of de
Growing up internationally, studying abroad in Bangkok, Singapore, and her home state of New Jersey, Tanvi has gained a diverse range of experiences and cultures, leading to her passion of helping improve social justice conditions.
A freshman at Boston University, she is double majoring in Neuroscience and Political Science in hopes of deepening her understanding of the intersections between these vast fields.
With aspirations to become a lawyer, Tanvi hopes to improve the lives of those around her, especially those in marginalized communities. On campus, she is an executive board member f0r the Diversity in Law Association and a member of the Singapore Student Association.
In her free time, she enjoys crocheting, trivia, and exploring her new home here in Boston.
Adiyaan is a dedicated advocate of international human rights, social justice, and immigration who is currently pursuing a major in Economics at Boston University. Adiyaan aspires to be a lawyer to help his passion for analyzing legal issues and understanding complex social reform.
In addition to their role as Research Assistant, Adiyaan
Adiyaan is a dedicated advocate of international human rights, social justice, and immigration who is currently pursuing a major in Economics at Boston University. Adiyaan aspires to be a lawyer to help his passion for analyzing legal issues and understanding complex social reform.
In addition to their role as Research Assistant, Adiyaan is also a member of the research committee for the IMPACT Committee in the BU student government. There, he is tasked with interviewing Asian members of the faculty and Asian centers at universities. Also, he is a member of the advocacy branch in the College of Arts and Sciences Student Government where he is focusing on introducing more low-income resources at BU.
Beyond campus, Adiyaan enjoys reading contemporary fiction and making people view photos of his cat.
Zoe is passionate about social justice and community development initiatives. She is a sophomore studying Sociology at Boston University and a member of the Kilachand Honors College.
On campus, Zoe is involved with Alpha Phi Omega, a community service fraternity, and works with BU Student Health Services as a student ambassador. Aspiring
Zoe is passionate about social justice and community development initiatives. She is a sophomore studying Sociology at Boston University and a member of the Kilachand Honors College.
On campus, Zoe is involved with Alpha Phi Omega, a community service fraternity, and works with BU Student Health Services as a student ambassador. Aspiring to be a sociological researcher, she is particularly interested in public health and the LGBTQ+ student experience.
Outside of school, she enjoys exploring Boston and is a lover of art and music.
Stella is deeply passionate about artificial intelligence, data analysis, social justice, and global economics. She is a junior student at Boston University, majoring in Computer Science & Economics.
On campus, Stella is a treasurer at Women in CS and an active member of BU After School Data Group. She would like to expand her knowledge o
Stella is deeply passionate about artificial intelligence, data analysis, social justice, and global economics. She is a junior student at Boston University, majoring in Computer Science & Economics.
On campus, Stella is a treasurer at Women in CS and an active member of BU After School Data Group. She would like to expand her knowledge of computer science and combine it with other subjects, dedicating her technological skills to make the world a better place.
Beyond campus, Stella volunteers as a teaching assistant in Kong Kow Chinese School. She enjoys watching movies, playing badminton, and spending her leisure time with friends.
Mai-Li is a recent graduate from Boston University with a major in Political Science and a minor in International Relations. She was immersed in a politically active upbringing that shaped her passion for political equality and social justice. Her earliest memories include attending her first women's march at the age of four. Her passion
Mai-Li is a recent graduate from Boston University with a major in Political Science and a minor in International Relations. She was immersed in a politically active upbringing that shaped her passion for political equality and social justice. Her earliest memories include attending her first women's march at the age of four. Her passions were solidified when she was selected to participate in the ACLU Teen Leadership Program.
She was a Marketing/Media Associate for BU's International Relations Review and senator in the College of Arts and Sciences Student Government where she helped to create initiatives that helped first-generation college students and transfer students adjust to the campus lifestyle.
Since graduating, she has been working as a legal assistant while also volunteering at the Cultural Society of Rhode Island, aiming to increase AAPI political engagement. She is extremely passionate about diplomacy, world peace, and the complexities of international law. With plans to attend law school within the next year, Mai-Li aspires to contribute to the ongoing fight for pressing global issues.
In her free time, Mai-Li is a member of the Boston Community Dance Project, a non-profit dance group channeling creativity to raise funds for organizations like Transition House for Victims of Domestic Violence, Dance for World Community Festival, and Greenfest Boston through performances, classes, and competitions.
Amari was a junior at Cornell University majoring in Human Biology, Health, and Society with a minor in Policy Analysis and Management. Her research, experiences, and academic endeavors reflect my long-standing passion for policy, health, and public health.
She have been working to improve the wellbeing of my community through Student Asse
Amari was a junior at Cornell University majoring in Human Biology, Health, and Society with a minor in Policy Analysis and Management. Her research, experiences, and academic endeavors reflect my long-standing passion for policy, health, and public health.
She have been working to improve the wellbeing of my community through Student Assembly, which she joined during her first year. Her proudest accomplishment is improving the environmental sustainability of Cornell's campus by funding a rain garden. The rain garden allows for water runoff to promote plant growth, leading to a more beautiful and environmentally friendly campus– but most importantly improves student's wellbeing and promotes mental health. In a second endeavor, she aim to promote healthy and nutritious food to all students on campus to enhance their physical and psychological wellbeing.
Beyond Cornell's Campus, Amari has a deep passion for expanding critical resources to communities in need. With this aim, she has worked as an analyst at Cayuga Healthcare Consulting. Her favorite project has been working with Zinnia, a nationwide mental health company. In the role, she worked to find out how the company can expand its telehealth access in accordance with state laws. She also served as a Congressional legislative intern and lobbied at Capitol Hill for the Dream Act of 2019– experiences that made me interested in healthcare access for undocumented immigrants in the US.
She plans to work in health policy legislation to improve equity in access and quality of care.
Nathaly is deeply passionate about immigration and social justice. She is a first-generation, honors student double majoring in Political Science and Psychology at Boston University.
Aspiring to become a researcher, her academic focus revolves around exploring the complex interplay between psychology, policy, government and demography--
Nathaly is deeply passionate about immigration and social justice. She is a first-generation, honors student double majoring in Political Science and Psychology at Boston University.
Aspiring to become a researcher, her academic focus revolves around exploring the complex interplay between psychology, policy, government and demography-- with a specific interest in Latin American Studies.
Off campus, Nathaly has engaged in comprehensive research and analysis of local, state, and federal policies pertinent to the welfare of marginalized communities, including immigrant and LGBTQ+ communities. Nathaly's research has informed solutions for local and state government.
Beyond her academic pursuits, Nathaly is a musician with training in both classical and contemporary music. During her free time, she indulges in her love for photography.
Bella is a dedicated advocate for social justice and addressing systemic inequalities, with a particular interest in criminal justice reform. She is a freshman at Boston University studying Sociology paired with a double minor in Human Rights Studies and Business Administration.
In her junior year of highschool, Bella undertook a research
Bella is a dedicated advocate for social justice and addressing systemic inequalities, with a particular interest in criminal justice reform. She is a freshman at Boston University studying Sociology paired with a double minor in Human Rights Studies and Business Administration.
In her junior year of highschool, Bella undertook a research project focused on the history of institutional racism and its relationship to mass incarceration. The project stirred a passion for inquiry melded with initiative—joint pursuits that she hopes to further cultivate throughout her undergraduate career. Using her education, Bella aspires to work both domestically and internationally to address human rights violations and prevent mass atrocities.
Outside of her research position, Bella writes for the Daily Free Press and is a member of both the Undergraduate Student Sociology Association and the BU Outdoor Club. In her free time, Bella enjoys listening to music, exploring national parks, reading, and cooking with friends!"
Sawakatsu Inoue is a sophomore student at University of Michigan, currently pursuing a double degree in Statistics and Mathematical Finance. His academic endeavors are complemented by a strong proficiency in data analysis, with a particular focus on qualitative data. Sawakatsu is just confined to academic research; he is passionate about
Sawakatsu Inoue is a sophomore student at University of Michigan, currently pursuing a double degree in Statistics and Mathematical Finance. His academic endeavors are complemented by a strong proficiency in data analysis, with a particular focus on qualitative data. Sawakatsu is just confined to academic research; he is passionate about applying analytical skills to make tangible differences in society. He believes in the power of data to inform policy decisions and raise public awareness on critical social issues. Under the guidance of Tatiana Padilla, Sawakatsu is set to leverage his analytical acumen and enthusiasm for learning in a dynamic research environment. Sawakatsu’s ultimate goal is to bridge the gap between academic research and societal impact, using his skills to contribute to meaningful advancements in social science.
Yana is passionate about social justice with interests in government, history, and international institutions. She is a second year international relations major, focusing on foreign policy and security studies.
In the future, Yana aspires to work for an NGO to combat social injustices in the world.
Yana is committed to helping the Boston
Yana is passionate about social justice with interests in government, history, and international institutions. She is a second year international relations major, focusing on foreign policy and security studies.
In the future, Yana aspires to work for an NGO to combat social injustices in the world.
Yana is committed to helping the Boston community. On campus, she an advocate for students for reproductive justice. Off campus, she does community service work to help the greater Boston community.
Micah is interested in improving education, immigration, and healthcare in the United States. He is a sophomore at Boston University who is majoring in Economics and minoring in Data Science and Business Administration.
In the future, Micah wants to continue expanding his knowledge and experience of utilizing economic data to find ways to
Micah is interested in improving education, immigration, and healthcare in the United States. He is a sophomore at Boston University who is majoring in Economics and minoring in Data Science and Business Administration.
In the future, Micah wants to continue expanding his knowledge and experience of utilizing economic data to find ways to improve outcomes and reduce inequality for immigrants.
In Boston, he is deeply focused on making the city a better place. In the past he worked to raise money to fund educational and recreational programs in the Blue Hill corridor and currently volunteers as a mentor for Big Brother Big Sister in Brighton. Outside of school, he loves the Boston Celtics and also thoroughly enjoys fishing, MMA, and trivia.
As a first-generation Mexican college student, Jesus is deeply passionate about the intersection of social justice and creativity. He is a senior studying business at Boston University.
Alice is a dedicated advocate for social justice with strong interests in law, comparative politics, world history, and public policy. She is pursuing a major in political science with a minor in history at Boston University and seeks to address complex issues within global political landscapes.
In the future, Alice aspires to further expl
Alice is a dedicated advocate for social justice with strong interests in law, comparative politics, world history, and public policy. She is pursuing a major in political science with a minor in history at Boston University and seeks to address complex issues within global political landscapes.
In the future, Alice aspires to further explore her curiosity and incorporate her passion for social justice and politics into legal pursuits.
Outside of school, Alice constantly looks for opportunities to volunteer and contribute to local communities. She is also interested in exploring the dynamics of the international economy and consistently seeks out potential business opportunities. On top of that, Alice enjoys traveling in her spare time and exploring different cultures around the world.
Christen is passionate about psychology, healthcare, and health equity in the United States. She is majoring in Behavior & Health and minoring in Biology on the pre-med track.
Aspiring to be a Psychiatrist, she is dedicated to increasing access to mental health care for marginalized communities including POC, particularly Hispanic and La
Christen is passionate about psychology, healthcare, and health equity in the United States. She is majoring in Behavior & Health and minoring in Biology on the pre-med track.
Aspiring to be a Psychiatrist, she is dedicated to increasing access to mental health care for marginalized communities including POC, particularly Hispanic and Latinx individuals, and immigrants. She wants to continue expanding her knowledge of health equity, psychology, and medicine.
During her summers in New York, she works as a camp counselor in low-income POC communities. In her free time, she likes to read, take walks around the Greater Boston Area, and watch basketball.
Alex is interested in the intersection of the law and social justice. As a sociology major and urban studies minor at Boston University, she is particularly passionate about education equity and criminal legal system reform.
Alex has volunteered in book drives for currently incarcerated individuals, hygiene supply drives for recently rel
Alex is interested in the intersection of the law and social justice. As a sociology major and urban studies minor at Boston University, she is particularly passionate about education equity and criminal legal system reform.
Alex has volunteered in book drives for currently incarcerated individuals, hygiene supply drives for recently released individuals, and fundraisers for incarcerated women’s rehabilitation services. Additionally, she volunteers at the Prison Book Program, and community outreach director of Crafters4Creativity. Aspiring to become a lawyer, Alex is a contributing writer for the Pre-Law review, where she tackles various social justice concerns through a legal lens.
Beyond her academic interests, she enjoys exploring Boston’s best cafes, making art with her friends, and playing soccer on the BU club soccer team.
Kevin (Farsi: کیوان ارژنگ مانی) is a senior at Boston University's College of Communication, majoring in Journalism with a focus on reporting and minoring in Film & TV with a focus on production.
Raised by professor-physicians who fled Iran following the 1979 Islamic Revolution, Kevin developed a deep appreciation of the complexities of t
Kevin (Farsi: کیوان ارژنگ مانی) is a senior at Boston University's College of Communication, majoring in Journalism with a focus on reporting and minoring in Film & TV with a focus on production.
Raised by professor-physicians who fled Iran following the 1979 Islamic Revolution, Kevin developed a deep appreciation of the complexities of the Greater Middle East, encompassing politics, economics, religion, human rights, health, and immigration. At BU, Kevin founded "Beyond the Compass," a multimedia platform with a weekly show and podcast through WTBU and a column in The Daily Free Press, all dedicated to exploring foreign affairs and the global economy. Today, this personal connection to Iran's history fuels his work as a student ambassador for the Child Foundation, supporting Iranian children's education.
Looking ahead, Kevin plans to combine his passions for journalism, law, and immigration, ultimately contributing to a better understanding of global economic growth and human rights.
Leo, a first-year Sociology major at Boston University hailing from Suzhou, China, is deeply passionate about addressing social inequality, particularly in the realm of population movement and rural-urban disparities.
Drawing from his teaching experience in rural China, specifically in Guizhou, Leo has dedicated himself to understanding t
Leo, a first-year Sociology major at Boston University hailing from Suzhou, China, is deeply passionate about addressing social inequality, particularly in the realm of population movement and rural-urban disparities.
Drawing from his teaching experience in rural China, specifically in Guizhou, Leo has dedicated himself to understanding the intricate challenges associated with internal migration. Leo adopts a multidisciplinary approach in his research, exploring the economic, social, and cultural drivers and consequences of internal migration.
On campus, Leo is a member of the Undergraduate Sociology Association and participates in the Experimental Learning Mentorship program.
Beyond academics, Leo is a seasoned drummer with a passion for rock and pop music and an avid NBA basketball fan, with a particular admiration for Kevin Durant.
Raised in a vibrant Ethiopian community, Yeabsera is passionate about law, technology, and social justice. She is double majoring in Political Science and Data Science at Boston University.
Yeabsera aspires to be a lawyer which informs her passion for blending social sciences with data analytics. She is committed to addressing legal comp
Raised in a vibrant Ethiopian community, Yeabsera is passionate about law, technology, and social justice. She is double majoring in Political Science and Data Science at Boston University.
Yeabsera aspires to be a lawyer which informs her passion for blending social sciences with data analytics. She is committed to addressing legal complexities with a global perspective.
Active on campus, Yeabsera serves as the Treasurer for the Ethiopian Eritrean Student Association and is a member of Women In Law. As an associate of "Just the Beginning - A Pipeline Organization," Yeabsera engaged in a prestigious law program, honing legal advocacy skills and fostering connections within the legal community. She is proficient in English, Amharic and Spanish.
Sophie is a passionate advocate of global economic, social justice, and immigration. She is a junior at Boston University, majoring in Economics and Mathematics.
Outside of classrooms, Sophie has interned at an insurance company, where she applied her mathematical expertise to analyze market trends and assist in developing economic forecas
Sophie is a passionate advocate of global economic, social justice, and immigration. She is a junior at Boston University, majoring in Economics and Mathematics.
Outside of classrooms, Sophie has interned at an insurance company, where she applied her mathematical expertise to analyze market trends and assist in developing economic forecasts. This experience has not only honed her technical skills but also provided her with practical insights into the financial sector.
With aspirations to pursue a career in economic research, Sophie is committed to furthering her understanding of economic systems and their societal impacts. She envisions contributing to policies that foster economic stability and growth, particularly in developing economies.
Outside of her academic and professional pursuits, Sophie enjoys exploring the diverse cultural landscape of Boston and engaging in outdoor running.
Bella's upbringing in a vibrant Latino community ignited her dedication to championing immigration causes and shedding light on social disparities. She is pursuing a major in International Relations coupled with a minor in Business Administration, all while being a part of the Kilachand Honors College at Boston University.
Driven by an unw
Bella's upbringing in a vibrant Latino community ignited her dedication to championing immigration causes and shedding light on social disparities. She is pursuing a major in International Relations coupled with a minor in Business Administration, all while being a part of the Kilachand Honors College at Boston University.
Driven by an unwavering passion to effect change, Bella aspires to forge a path as an immigration lawyer or lead a non-profit organization committed to empowering marginalized communities. Within her community, Bella advocates for diversity in higher education, catalyzing change on the Admissions Student Diversity Board. Additionally, she holds a position on the E-Board for the First-Generation Low-income partnership.
Beyond her academic pursuits and community engagement, Bella finds enjoyment in running and exploring diverse culinary experiences.
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